Abstract
Background
Specialist, hyperacute management of a transient ischemic attack (TIA) is necessary to decrease subsequent stroke. As part of a local Quality Improvement (QI) initiative, we implemented a new TIA pathway in our hospital to maximise efficiency, encourage an ambulatory approach, and improve global TIA management in line with the 2023 UK and Ireland Clinical Guidelines for Stroke.
Method
We completed a retrospective cohort study of patients who attended our hospital between April 1, 2024, and June 30, 2024. Patients with a primary diagnosis of TIA were identified through the Hospital In-Patient Enquiry (HIPE). Each diagnosis was verified with electronic records review, with exploration of key investigations and management parameters.
Result
28 patients were coded as TIA. 28.5% were seen directly via Acute Medical Unit (AMU), increased from 10.1% pre-TIA pathway, with the rest attending ED initially. The median length of Stay (LoS) in hospital was 0.65 days, down from 1.08 days pre-TIA pathway for those managed directly in AMU. 35.7% were managed within 24 hours, vs 28.2% prior to new pathway initiation. Most patients were admitted under the AMU (35% vs 33% pre-pathway) or Stroke service (42.9% vs 26% pre-pathway), with a shorter LoS if the patient was admitted under these services. 27 (96.4%) patients underwent neuroimaging; 89.3% underwent CT Brain vs 94.8% pre-pathway, 7% underwent MRI Brain without preceding CT in keeping with National Clinical Guideline for Stroke for the UK and Ireland recommendations. 96.4% were reviewed by a stroke specialist vs 82.1% pre-pathway. Utilisation of inpatient echocardiograms and 24-hour holter monitors were reduced to 35.7% and 21.4% respectively, down from 42.9% pre-pathway.
Conclusion
This re-audit has shown improved neuroimaging utilisation, increased numbers of patients being reviewed by stroke specialist clinicians, increased use of ambulatory services, and reduced length of stay.